Hardy weinberg principle | Applying the Hardy-Weinberg equation| NEET B...

This video shows you how to solve simple Hardy-Weinberg problems. He starts with a brief description of a gene pool and shows you how the formula is derived. He then shows you how to solve a couple of sample problems.
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The Hardy-Weinberg Principle states that allele and genotype frequencies in populations remain stable over time, given certain assumptions. What assumptions? What does the principle mean? And how do you SOLVE those Hardy-Weinberg PROBLEMS? Everything shall be revealed in this video - with some penguins of course. They make everything go down easier.
Using the Hardy-Weinberg equation to calculate allele and genotype frequencies.
Evolution is the cumulative change in the heritable characteristics of a population across successive generations

This requires that allele frequencies change within the gene pool of the population to reflect these evolving characteristics


Mechanisms of Change

Changes to allele frequency within a gene pool (evolution) can result from five key processes:

Mutation: A random change in the genetic composition of an organism due to changes in the DNA base sequence
Gene flow: The movement of alleles into, or out of, a population as a result of immigration or emigration
Sexual reproduction: Sex can introduce new gene combinations and alter allele frequencies if mating is assortative
Genetic drift: The change in the composition of a gene pool as a result of a chance or random event
Natural selection: The change in the composition of a gene pool as a result of differentially selective environmental pressures..

Methods: The Hardy-Weinberg model consists of two equations: one that calculates allele frequencies and one that calculates genotype frequencies.
Gene Pools
A gene pool represents the sum total of alleles for all genes present in a sexually reproducing population
A large gene pool indicates high amounts of genetic diversity, increasing the chances of biological fitness and survival
A small gene pool indicates low amounts of genetic diversity, reducing biological fitness and increasing chances of extinction
Gene pools can be used to determine allele frequency – the proportion of a particular allele within a population
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