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TN Govt. Jobs for Engineers Apply Soon Government of Tamil Nadu vacancy ...

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Medical terminologies | Most important terms for medical aspirants and nurse NEET AIIMS

 1 Anaemia - Deficiency of haemoglobin in the blood 

2. Analgesic - Medicine which alleviates pain 

3. Arthralgia - Pain in a joint 

4. Cephalalgia - Headache 

5. Nephralgia - Pain in the kidney 

6. Neuralgia - Nerve pain 

7. Myalgia - Muscle pain 

8. Otalgia - Earache 

9. Gastralgia - Pain in the stomach 

10. Pyoderma - Skin infection with pus formation 

11. Leucoderma -Defective skin pigmentation 

12. Hysterodynia - Pain in the uterus

13. Hysterectomy - Excision of the uterus 

14. Nephrectomy - Excision of a kidney 

15. Adenectomy - Excision of a gland 

16. Cholecystectomy - Excision of gall bladder 

17. Thyroidectomy - Excision of the thyroid gland 

18. Arthritis - Inflammation of a joint 

19. Bronchitis - Inflammation of the bronchi 

20. Carditis - Inflammation of the heart 

21. Cervicitis - Inflammation of the cervix 

22. Colitis - Inflammation of the colon 

23. Colpitis - Inflammation of the vagina 

24. Cystitis - Inflammation of the urinary bladder 

25. Enteritis - Inflammation of the intestines 

26. Gastritis - Inflammation of the stomach 

27. Glossitis - Inflammation of the tongue 

28. Hepatitis - Inflammation of the liver 

29. Laryngitis - Inflammation of the larynx 

30. Metritis - Inflammation of the uterus 

31. Myelitis - Inflammation of the spinal cord 

32. Nephritis - Inflammation of the kidney 

33. Pharyngitis - Inflammation of the pharynx 

34. Blepharitis -Inflammation of the eyelids 

35. Cholelithiasis - Stone in the gall bladder 

36. Nephrolithiasis - Stone in the kidney

37. Osteomalacia - Softening of bones through deficiency of calcium or D vitamin 

38. Adenoma -Benign tumour of glandular tissue 

39. Myoma - Tumour of muscle 

40. Diplopia - Double vision 

41. Thrombosis - Formation of a blood clot 

42. Pyloromyotomy - Incision of the pyloric sphincter muscle

43. Hydrophobia - Fear of water(Rabies in humans)

44. Neuroplasty- Surgical repair of nerves 

45. Pyloraplasty -Incision of the plastic pylorus to widen the passage

46. Hemiplegia - Paralysis of one side of the body 

47. Nephroptosis - Downward displacement of the kidney 

48. Amenorrhoea - Absence of menstrual discharge 

49. Dysmenorrhoea - Painful menstruation 

50. Leucorrhoea - Whitish vaginal discharge 

51. Menorrhoea - Menstrual bleeding 

52. Haemorrhage- Escape of blood from a vessel 

53. Arrhythmia -Any deviation of the normal rhythm of the heart 

54. Cholestasis - Diminution in the flow of bile 

55. Hemostasis - Arrest of bleeding 

56. Neurasthenia - Nervous debility

57. Cystostomy - Surgical opening made into the bladder 

58. Cystotomy - Incision into the urinary bladder 

59. Hypertrophy - Increase in the size of tissues 

60. Haematuria - Blood in the urine

61. Glycosuria - Presence of sugar in the urine 

62. Albuminuria - Presence of albumin in the urine

COMMUNICATION APTITUDE UGC NET, SET Exam Important Questions and Answers...

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RESEARCH APTITUDE UGC NET, SET Exam Important Questions and Answers Prev...

Detailed study of various Kingdoms I. Kingdom Monera

 The kingdom Monera includes bacteria, cyanobacteria (Blue–green-algae), Archaebacteria, and some smaller groups like Mycoplasmas, Ricketsias, Actinomycetes, etc.

Bacteria

Bacteria were first discovered by a Dutch (Holland), Antony Von Leeuwenhoek in 1676. He observed them in a raindrop with the help of a simple microscope designed by him. The name bacteria (Greek= small stick) was given to these organisms by a German Biologist Christian G. Ehrenberg (1828). Louis Pasteur laid the scientific foundation of Bacteriology.

General Characters:

The following are some of the major characters of bacteria.

1. Bacteria are the simplest and the most primitive organisms. They are cosmopolitan and found in all places where life is possible.

2. Bacteria are considered to be plants because they have a rigid cell wall.

3. Bacteria are Prokaryotes.

4. Bacteria are unicellular and generally occur singly. Some of them are found in groups.

5. Bacteria lack a nuclear membrane and therefore, distinct nucleus and nucleoli are absent.

6. Bacteria also lack membrane-bound organelles, like Endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi bodies, Mitochondria, Plastids, etc.

7. Most of the bacteria lack chlorophyll, hence, they are heterotrophic. However, few bacteria possess chlorophyll and are autotrophic. The chlorophyll remains scattered in the cytoplasm.

8. Genetic material is represented by histone-free DNA.

9. The commonly reproduce vegetatively by fission.

10. Variation in the genetic characters is due to genetic recombination brought about by conjugation, transformation, and transduction. Flagellated gametes are, however, not produced.

Distribution:

Bacteria are found in all the habitable places. They are widely distributed in air, water, and land. A large number of bacteria also occurs in animal and human bodies. Bacteria can live both aerobically as well as anaerobically. They can survive in extreme cold (-1900c) and can also tolerate very high temperatures (800c) and drought. 

The presence of bacteria in a variety of habitats is due to i. Their resistant nature; ii. Characteristic mode of nutrition; iii. Formation of resistant endospores.